Bihar is a famous historical state situated in the middle of the north-eastern part of India and its capital is Patna. It is the third largest state of India in terms of population and twelfth in terms of area. In 2000 AD, a new state Jharkhand was created by separating the southern part of Bihar. Nepal is situated in the north of Bihar, Jharkhand in the south, West Bengal in the east and Uttar Pradesh in the west. This region is situated in the fertile plains of the river Ganga and its tributaries. Ganga flows from west to east in it.